The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University, or simply Cambridge) is the second oldest university in England and the fourth oldest in the world. In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Cantab, a shortened form of Cantabrigiensis (an adjective derived from Cantabrigia, the Latinised form of Cambridge). The university grew out of an association of scholars in the city of Cambridge that was formed, early records suggest, in 1209 by scholars leaving Oxford after a dispute with townsfolk.[5] The two 'ancient universities' have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to cultural and practical associations as a historic part of British society, the two universities have a long history of rivalry with each other. Academically, Cambridge has been ranked one of the world's top five universities, the leading university in Europe, and contends with Oxford for first place in UK league tables. The University's alumni include 87 Nobel Laureates as of 2010. The University is a member of the Russell Group of research-led British universities, the Coimbra Group, the League of European Research Universities and the International Alliance of Research Universities. 1231年，英国国王亨利三世颁布了一项特许状，授予剑桥大学额外的非特训权(纪律其成员的权利)，并免除了一些税收。1233年，教皇格里高利九世颁布了一项法令，授予剑桥大学毕业生在基督教世界各地教书的权利。 After Cambridge was described as a studium generale in a letter by Pope Nicholas IV in 1290, and confirmed as such in a bull by Pope John XXII in 1318, it became common for researchers from other European medieval universities to come and visit Cambridge to study or to give lecture courses. 剑桥大学(简称剑桥)是英国第二古老的大学，也是世界上第四古老的大学。这所大学的后名是剑桥大学，由Cantabrigia的缩写形式缩短而来(Cantabrigia是形容词的缩写，剑桥大学的拉丁化形式)。 这所大学在剑桥发展起来，早在1209年就有记录表明，牛津城的学者们一直在争论他的学者奖学金问题。[5]这两所“老大学”有许多共同的特点，常被统称为牛桥。除了作为英国社会历史文化和现实的一部分之外，这两所大学之间也有着悠久的竞争历史。 在学术方面，剑桥大学一直名列世界前五名，在欧洲名列前茅，与牛津大学在英国大学排行榜上竞争。牛津大学的校友中有87位是2010年诺贝尔奖得主。该大学是研究型英国大学罗素集团、科英布拉集团、欧洲研究型大学和国际研究型大学联盟的成员。 1231年，英格兰国王亨利三世授予Mirena非trahi extra(在其会员章程中具有纪律处分权)，加上一些免税待遇，以及1233年教皇格里高利九世，该大学的地位得到加强，该大学授予公牛剑桥大学的毕业生在基督教中无处不在的权利。 在1290年教皇尼古拉斯四世的一封信中，剑桥被描述为一个教学工具，因此在1318年教皇约翰二世证实的牛市中，来自其他欧洲中世纪大学的研究人员聚集在一起学习或剑桥授课变得很常见。

剑桥大学中、英文简介推荐知识